美国心脏协会：女性心脏病发作的原因。

当流向心脏的血流在冠状动脉中被积聚的斑块阻塞时，心脏病就会发作。虽然患心脏病的常见人群通常包括重度吸烟者、生活方式压力过大的人，或者过度肥胖的人，一些普通人群心脏病发作风险也可能很高。

心脏病是女性的头号杀手，这就是为什么女性了解警告性信号和症状、定期看医生以及了解她们的家族病史至关重要。

心脏病发作的症状：

• 胸口不适，有压迫、挤压感，胸闷或胸疼，持续超过数分钟，或者消退后又重新出现。

• 一侧或双侧胳膊、背部、颈部、下巴或肚子疼痛或不适。

• 气短，伴有或没有胸部不适。

• 其他症状，如出冷汗、恶心或头晕。

女性最常见的心脏病发作症状，如同男性一样，是胸口疼痛或不适。但重要的是要注意：女性更容易感受到其他常见症状，尤其是气短、恶心呕吐、背部或下巴疼痛。

American Heart Association

Causes of a heart attack in women

Heart attacks occur when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked by a buildup of plaque in coronary arteries. While the initial causation can often be pinned on the usual suspects—heavy smokers, people with high-stress lifestyles, or those who are excessively overweight—the not-so-usual suspects can also be at high risk for heart attack.

Heart disease is the No. 1 killer of women, which is why it is imperative that women learn the warning signs and symptoms, see a doctor regularly, and learn their family history.

Symptoms of a heart attack:

• Uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain in the center of your chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or goes away and comes back.

• Pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach.

• Shortness of breath, with or without chest discomfort.

• Other signs such as breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness.

As with men, the most common heart attack symptom in women is chest pain or discomfort. But it’s important to note that women are more likely to experience the other common symptoms, particularly shortness of breath, nausea/vomiting and back or jaw pain.