【澳洲入籍】小课堂之子女出生入澳籍十一问:有PR不一定能入,没PR也可以入!,澳洲万信留学移民微信公众号文章

问题1：夫妻均为PR，小孩在中国出生，可否直接入澳籍？
答：不行。中国人在中国生娃，小孩明显是中国人。
问题2：夫妻均为PR，小孩在中国出生，是否可以自动获得澳洲PR？
答：不行。小孩仅仅是中国公民而已，不会自动具有澳洲签证。小孩需要申请101签证。此签证是PR，只能澳洲境外申请，且下签时小孩必须在境外。官方审理时间为14个月。
问题3：夫妻均为PR，小孩在中国出生，是否可以办旅游签入境澳洲，然后在澳洲申请PR？
答：可以。可以先在中国申请600签证。由于父母是PR，旅游签上应该不会有8503条款。这样入境澳洲后，可以直接申请802签证，在澳洲等待获签。此外，递签之后可以带上过桥A的下签信去申请medicare卡。
问题4：夫妻仅有一方是PR，小孩在澳洲出生，小孩是否可以直接入籍？

答：可以。根据现行国籍法第14页上的规定：

12 Citizenship by birth

(1)A person born in Australia is an Australian citizen if and only if:

(a) a parent of the person is an Australian citizen, or a permanent
resident, at the time the person is born; or
(b) the person is ordinarily resident in Australia throughout the
period of 10 years beginning on the day the person is born.
问题5：夫妻均不是PR，小孩在澳洲出生，小孩是否可以直接入籍？
答：直接入籍是不行啦。但如果小孩在澳洲出生后前10年大部分时间都在澳洲，可在满10周岁时获得澳洲国籍。国籍法原文请看问题的(b)点。
问题6：夫妻现在均是黑民，小孩在澳洲出生，且前10年大部分时间都在澳洲居住，小孩可否在满10周岁时获得澳洲国籍？

答：可以。问题4中的描述A person born in Australia is an Australian citizen if and only if: 国籍法在这里用了if and only if（当些仅当）满足(a)或者(b)就可以了，已经是充分条件了。

请注意，问题6并非是在鼓励黑民，像美国这种，出生就能获得国籍的，才勉强算是鼓励黑民。在澳洲生完孩子，合法待上10年居然没拿到PR，根本没有现实意义。这条法律在当时制定的时候，很大程度上，是为黑民而设计的，主要是基于人道主义的考虑：一个生在澳洲，长在澳洲10年的人，讲满口英语，习惯了澳洲文化，若被遣送回原籍国，根本无法适应，是件极其不人道的事情。这个问题常常会引起一些“道德正派”人士的反感，会认为有人钻法律空子拿身份。我想说的是，澳大利亚是一个非常讲人道主义的国家。要知道，一年移民配额约20万，其中有2万张是难民签。相比之下，这样的case一年都没几个，跟难民相比，实在拿不出手，“正派人士”实在没有必要赶尽杀绝。这个所谓的法律空子要花上10年时间，谁(敏感词被屏蔽)吃饱了撑着故意去钻，只不过是法律给人留条后路罢了。

另外，国籍法对10年居住的描述用了ordinarily，就是说大部分时间在澳洲居住即可。那么问题来了，都黑民了，为何是大部分而不是全部？这是因为，小孩出生时，父母可能持有的是有效签证。例如，夫妻最初持有学生签来澳洲，之后小孩在澳洲出生，那小孩也会持有学生签，之后父母毕业，全家人一起申请了485签证。这期间都是持有效签证，可以随时出入澳洲。小孩的10年居住可以是“合法+非法”的10年，当然，黑下来之后就无法自由出入澳洲了。
问题7：如果按照问题6所说，小孩在满10周岁时入籍，父母到时候是否有机会申请PR？
答：届时小孩的父母已经来了澳洲都10几年，有机会申请人道主义签证。
问题8：夫妻有一方是澳籍，小孩在澳洲之外出生，是否可以申请澳洲国籍？
答：可以。国籍法规定如下：
15A Simplified outline
The following is a simplified outline of this Subdivision:
You may be eligible to become an Australian citizen under this
Subdivision in 2 situations:
• you were born outside Australia on or after 26 January 1949
and a parent of yours was an Australian citizen at the time of
your birth: see subsection 16(2); or
• you were born outside Australia or New Guinea before
26 January 1949 and a parent of yours was an Australian
citizen on 26 January 1949: see subsection 16(3).
You must make an application to become an Australian citizen.
The Minister must approve or refuse you becoming an Australian
citizen.
You must be eligible to be an Australian citizen to be approved.
The Minister may be required to refuse your application on
grounds relating to:
• non-satisfaction of identity: see subsection 17(3); or
• national security: see subsections 17(4) to (4B); or
• cessation of citizenship: see subsection 17(5).
You will be registered if the Minister approves you becoming an
Australian citizen.
问题9：国籍法里对入籍居住时间到底是如何规定的？为何听说留学生拿到PR一年后就能入籍了？
答：请看国籍法的规定如下：
22 General residence requirement
(1) Subject to this section, for the purposes of section 21 a person satisfies the general residence requirement if:
(a) the person was present in Australia for the period of 4 years immediately before the day the person made the application;
and
(b) the person was not present in Australia as an unlawful non-citizen at any time during that 4 year period; and
(c) the person was present in Australia as a permanent resident for the period of 12 months immediately before the day the person made the application.
Overseas absences
(1A) If:
(a) the person was absent from Australia for a part of the period of 4 years immediately before the day the person made the application; and
(b) the total period of the absence or absences was not more than 12 months;
Com Law Authoritative Act C2014C00770Part 2 Australian citizenship
Division 2 Acquisition of Australian citizenship by applicator Section 22
32 Australian Citizenship Act 2007
then, for the purposes of paragraph (1)(a), the person is taken to have been present in Australia during each period of absence.
(1B) If:
(a) the person was absent from Australia for a part of the period of 12 months immediately before the day the person made the application; and
(b) the total period of the absence or absences was not more than 90 days; and
(c) the person was a permanent resident during each period of absence; then, for the purposes of paragraph (1)(c), the person is taken to have been present in Australia as a permanent resident during each period of absence.

翻译如下：

入籍要求：
(a)递交入籍申请那一刻之前的4年居住在澳洲；（学生签，过桥签，旅游签，TR 全都算居住时间)
(b)居住期间没有任何非法滞留的记录（非法滞留就是黑民）；
(c)申请入籍前的那一年持有PR签证；
同时，
(1A)4年居住期间总计离境时间不超过12个月；
(1B)申请入籍前的那一年离境时间总计不超过90天。
问题10：夫妻一方是PR，小孩在澳洲出生，可否申请中国护照？
答：不可以。去中国驻澳领事馆给小孩申请护照时，使馆会要求出示小孩父母的签证，只要看到有一方是PR，使馆就会拒绝办理。虽然，从中国的国籍法来讲，中国公民在海外生的小孩都可以获得中国籍。可惜，现实总是残酷的。中国使馆专治不服，想挑战的可以去试试。
问题11：国籍是否会被取消？