近日英国对于退出欧盟议案的风潮使得英镑大跌,英镑兑美元汇率已经一度颇为1.39整数关口,跌至7年低位。彭博社34位经济学家中的29位预估,如果英国退出欧盟,英镑将会跌至1.35,是自1985年以来低位。
英镑已经跌至7年以来低位
数据来源:彭博社
欧盟陷入泥潭,英国不想受到拖累
自希腊危机后,欧盟过便陷入了长期的债务危机, 加之欧盟成员国移民使得英国遭受社会福利方面的大笔开支,英国作为独立于欧元区外的国家并不想受累而与其陷入泥潭。
英国首相卡梅伦在英国在是否退出欧盟的公投议案中,主要向欧盟主席唐纳德提出四方面的重要议题:
第一:经济因素。 由于英国始终保持本国货币的独立性,没有加入欧元区,对于欧洲希腊的援助问题,英国并不需要作为欧盟成员之一而提供援助资金;
第二:贸易竞争力。欧盟号召所有成员国“尽全力贯彻执行以巩固(盟国)内部市场”并且“强化需要步向更好的规章条例方面”。英国首相卡梅伦并不认同这种主张,认为欧盟需要削减单一市场的过度扩展,认为这会影响到本国利益;
第三:移民福利问题。英国需要限制其对于欧盟成员国移民的福利,首相卡梅伦提出对于英国移民者需要在成为英国居民4年以后才能够享受社会福利;
第四:主权问题。英国有权退出欧盟国家所要求的“最紧密联盟”以避免卷入未来政治一体化的局面。要求英国议员可以不服从欧盟的立法规定。
失去欧盟成员国的贸易出口优势,英国央行可能再度降息
如果英国退出欧盟,英国央行有可能完全取消加息的预期,而实行降息。届时英国官方利率将降至低于0.5%,并有跌至0利率的可能。 自英国提出退出欧盟议案以来,英镑便出现急速的大幅下滑,英镑兑美元汇率目前已经跌至自2009年以来低位。英镑兑欧元汇率跌至14个月以来底位79.08便士每欧元。
英国房市可能面临下行风险
国际货币基金组织警示到, 英国退出欧盟可能使得本国的高价房市面临风险,其表示英国央行应该保持其低借款利率以减轻通胀率下行压力。
目前全球生产力疲软,家庭债务水平居于高位,在当今全球金融形势下,英国退欧可能给投资者增加了进一步的不确定性. 英国央行表示如果有必要可能实行货币宽松政策。
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