跟着奥斯卡影后学托福句式表达（上篇）,美国留学教育专家-学美留学微信公众号文章

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毕业季已来临，美国各大高校为了给自家学生的大学生涯画上完美句号，大多会邀请社会各界知名人士来学校做毕业演讲，给学生上“最后一课”。

这份熠熠生辉的“名人榜”上就包含了奥斯卡影后娜塔莉·波特曼(Natalie Portman)，她作为哈佛大学校友，于2015哈佛大学的毕业典礼上发表演讲，演讲中细数了人生各个阶段的大起大落，感人至深、发人深省。

在感受名校毕业氛围的同时，常春藤培训的老师跟着影后娜塔莉的演讲为同学们准备了几个可用于托福备考的句式短语，希望能对大家有所启迪！

演讲视频

娜塔莉·波特曼演讲摘录

Graduation season is well underway,with kindergartners,high schoolers, college seniors and graduate students alike donning caps and gowns to celebrate their achievement.With their diplomas,graduates also get words of wisdom from a commencement speakers and a good excuse to celebrate.Natalie Portman gave the commencement speech to Harvard University's graduating class of 2015 on Wednesday.

Story 1：

The other day I went to an amusement park with my soon-to-be 4-year-old son.And I watched him play arcade games.He was incredibly focused,throwing his ball at the target.Jewish mother that I am, I skipped 20 steps and was already imagining him as a major league player with what is his aim and his arm and his concentration. But then I realized what he wanted.He was playing to trade in his tickets for the crappy plastic toys.

The prize was much more exciting than the game to get it.I of course wanted to urge him to take joy and the challenge of the game,the improvement upon practice,the satisfaction of doing something well,and even feeling the accomplishment when achieving the game’s goals.But all of these aspects were shaded by the little 10 cent plastic men with sticky stretchy blue arms that adhere to the walls.That was the prize.In a child’s nature,we see many of our own innate tendencies.I saw myself in him and perhaps you do too.Prizes serve as false idols everywhere. Prestige,wealth,fame,power.You’ll be exposed to many of these,if not all.

Of course,part of why I was invited to come to speak today,beyond my being a proud alumna,is that I’ve recruited some very coveted toys in my life.Including a not so plastic,not so crappy one and Oscar.So we bump up against the common troll I think of the commencement address people who have achieved a lot telling you that the fruits of the achievement are not always to be trusted. But I think that contradiction can be reconciled and is in fact instructive.Achievement is wonderful when you know why you’re doing it.And when you don’t know,it can be terrible trap.

原句重现"...all of these aspects were shaded by the little 10 cent plastic men with sticky stretchy...”

句型分析一：A be shaded by B（A因B而黯然失色）

此句型可用于分析托福写作题目中的二因素比较类题型，应用话题可涉及教育/工作/环保，如：

EG:The staggering profit from an insecure business was shaded by the ceaselessly yearning for a snug way of life.

由此句我们还可以拓展出相似句式，来表达二因素比较题型中的A比B好，如：A overweighs B / A is superior to B / B is dwarfed by A

EG:Father's Day is dwarfed by Mother's Day,and this is partly because Chinese fathers are usually strict and communicate with their children less than mothers.