这些双胞胎词汇

你能分辨出来吗？

英语世界中，有很多组非常容易混淆的表达，可以说是差之毫厘，“失之千里”。听说读写，中译英，英译中都可能出现类似的问题~ 所以尽早分清、辨明这些 “双胞胎”词汇真的很有必要~

Loose VS Lose

其实这两个词的释义是有一定的区别的，还是能够分辨的清的

loose: adj. 宽松的，散漫的，不牢固的；V. 释放，变松

e.g.: the evils loosed upon humanity in World War Ⅱ

lose: V. 浪费，遗失，错过 (过去式/ 过去分词 lost)

e.g.: I’ve lost my appetite. 

It’s VS its (严格拼写是its’)

it’s: It’s is short for it is or it has. This is a 100% rule. It cannot be used for anything elase.

*if you cannot expand your it’s to it is or it has, then it is wrong.

Its: Its is like his and her. (they are all possessive adjectives).

我们来做几道题练一练：

1. It’s been raining for a week, and now it’s starting snow. 

2. It’s one of the hardest courses in it’s history. 

3. I think the company wants to have its cake and eat it.

4. Whenever cannibals are on the brink of starvation, Heaven, in _____ infinite mercy, sends them a fat missionary. (Oscar Wilde)

5. Constant company wears out _____ welcome. 

6. A frog can't empty its stomach by vomiting. To empty its stomach contents, a frog throws up _____ stomach first, so the stomach is dangling out of its mouth. Then the frog uses _____ forearms to dig out all of the stomach's contents and then swallows the stomach back down again.

答案：

1. Correct / Correct

2. Correct / Incorrect

3. Correct

4. its

5. its

6. its / its

你做对了没？

i.e.VS e.g.

i.e. 意为 “that is”;

e.g. 意为 “for example”

两者后面都要加逗号~ 

不少同学这两个词都容易混淆了乱用~ 其实是不对的哦~ 

effect VS affect

effect: n. 影响，效果，作用；Vt.产生，达到目的

e.g.: This ingredient also has the effect of making your skin look younger.

affect: n. 情感；V. 影响，感染

e.g.: Trading has been adversely affected by the downturn in consumer spending.

*这里要加追加一句： impact不是动词。可以考虑用affect来代替

different than VS different from

different than和different from 都意为: 不同于；其实两者的差别并不是特别大。

• In practice, different from is by far the most common

• Different than is mainly used in American English:

  Teenagers certainly want to look different than their parents.

lay VS lie

这两个词大概是大多数同学的心头恨吧~ 非常的confuse~

lay: Vt. 躺下，产卵，搁放；Vi. 下蛋，打赌；过去式/过去分词: laid

e.g.: Lay the material flat on the table. 把布料平铺在桌上。

The carpet was laid last week. 地毯是上个星期铺的。

The flies lay their eggs on decaying meat. 苍蝇在腐肉上产卵。

lie: Vi. 躺，说谎；Vt. 谎骗；过去式 lay; 过去分词lain; 现在分词lying

e.g.: Don’t lie in the sun for too long. 不要在阳关下躺太长时间。

She lay back against the pillows. 她躺下来，靠在枕头上。

一起来分分对错呗：

1. I got dizzy and had to lay down

2. Just lay those books over there

答案：

1. 错啦！正确的应该是：

   I got dizzy and had to lie down.

2. Correct！

could have VS would have VS should have

这三个词组如果你能非常清晰的说出他们的区别，小雅哥和雅思姐给你一个大大的赞！

＊These past modal verbs are all used hypothetically, to talk about things that did not really happen in the past. 

Could have + past participle

means that something was possible in the past, or you had the ability to do something in the past, but that you didn’t do it. We use this phrase when we want to make a guess about something that happened in the past.

Couldn’t have + past participle

means that something wasn’t possible in the past, even if you have wanted to do it.

e.g.: I couldn’t have arrived any earlier. There was a terrible traffic jam. (= it was impossible for me to have arrived any earlier).

could have: 本能够，本来也可以，本来能

e.g.: With a little care you could have avoided the mishap.

你要是小心一点，本可以避免这场不测之祸的。

Should have + past participle

can mean something that would have been a good idea, but that you didn’t do it. It’s like giving advice about the past when you say it to someone else, or regretting what you did or didn’t when you are talking about yourself.

Shouldn’t have + past participle

means that something wasn’t a good idea, but you did it anyway.

 should have: 应该有，本应该

e.g.: You should have a try, do not swallow anybody.

不要轻信任何人，你得亲自试一试。

Would have + past participle

to talk about something you wanted to do but didn’t. 

e.g.: If I had had enough money, I would have bought a car. 

(but I didn’t have enough money, so I didn’t buy a car).