昨日美联储主席耶伦的一番强势鸽派表态引起美元再度狂跌,不但使得其他主要发达国家的货币火了,新兴市场的货币也火了。离岸人民币实现三日连涨,截至北京时间5点51分,香港市场离岸人民币对美元昨日再涨140余点至6.4741,连续三日涨幅达0.8%;其他新兴市场国家货币昨日也均呈现明显涨势,印度卢比对美元上涨0.36%;墨西哥比索对美元上涨0.68%;南非兰特对美元上涨1.68%。
美元跌幅创6年新高,20个新兴市场货币连涨
美联储自1月份以来持续放出鸽派态度,而且愈演愈重,似乎在决意做跌美元,而金融市场也确实给出了有效的反应,即昨日讲话后,美元再起跌势。美指两日连跌1.2%,破位95关口至94.82。根据彭博社数据统计,美元相对于10对主要货币对3月份下跌3.7%,创2010年9月份以来单月最大跌幅。与此同时,20个新兴市场国家包括中国、巴西、南非、俄罗斯、土耳其等货币四日平均上涨0.5%,3月份涨幅达5.4%, 创自1998年2月份以来最大涨幅。
同时,新兴市场国家股市也实现了大幅涨势,中国上涨指数昨日再涨2.77%,突破3000整数关口;南非与俄罗斯股市也均摆脱跌势而实现了大幅反弹。摩根士丹利新兴市场指数(MSCI emerging market index)上涨2.4%,达到2周内最大涨幅,3月份涨幅达12%,单月涨幅创自2011年10月份以来新高。
美元兑离岸人民币汇率走势
在岸人民币大涨,在岸与离岸人民币持续倒挂
由于昨日美联储鸽派表态,美元承压,离岸与在岸人民币汇率受国际美元影响出现大幅上涨,然而在岸人民币与离岸人民币汇差持续倒挂。昨日在岸人民币对美元收盘6.4648,涨幅达0.64%;香港市场离岸人民币对美元汇率上涨0.18%至6.4743;在离岸人民币汇差达105点。
近来人民币空头有所缓解,一是由于美元下滑整体支撑了汇率,二是由于国家出台政策收紧了离岸人民币的流动性,使得做空人民币的成本增高。中国央行3月14日公布的数据显示, 2月份人民币外汇占款下跌2279亿元至23.98亿元,余额创2012年12月份以来最低,表明人民币汇率贬值压力明显减小。
短期内看,在进入二季度后如果我国贸易顺差进一步扩大,则不排除短期人民币汇率继续走强。长期来看,根据斯特拉顿街资本公司债券基金经理表示,由于中国经常帐户的盈余现状,使得中国债券年收益率大于99%的世界其他固定资产收益率。人民币固定资产走势可能导致人民币相对美元逐步走强。
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