STEM代表的是四种不同专业的大方向,S代表Science科学,T代表Technology科技,E代表 Engineering工程,M代表 Mathematic数学。
由于美国目前经济发展状况,与STEM相关的工作缺口非常巨大,因此政府给出不少优惠政策帮助相关专业的毕业生就业——除了为本地学生提供的奖学金以及毕业后的高薪资待遇,对外国留学生则是提供长达3年的H1-B工作签证,而最近希拉里甚至提出当选后将让STEM专业研究生和博士留学毕业生能直接申请绿卡。
对于希望在毕业后留在美国工作的同学们,STEM专业无疑是其中一个最好的选择,那STEM包括哪些专业呢?根据美国国土安全部官网于2016年5月10日发布的最新表格显示,以下这些都属于STEM专业:
Biological and Biomedical Sciences 生物与生物医学科学所有专业Mathematics and Statistics 数学与统计所有专业Physical Sciences 物理科学所有专业Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture 生态农业与农业可持续发展Animal Sciences, General 动物科学,一般Agricultural Animal Breeding 农业动物遗传育种Livestock Management 家畜管理Animal Sciences, Other 动物科学,其他Food Technology and Processing 食品技术与加工Food Science and Technology, Other 食品科学与技术Plant Sciences, General 应用植物科学,一般Agronomy and Crop Science 农作物科学Horticultural Science 园艺学Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Breeding 农业和园艺植物育种Plant Protection and Integrated Pest Management 植物保护与病虫害综合治理Range Science and Management 范围科学与管理Plant Sciences, Other 植物科学,其他Soil Science and Agronomy, General 土壤学、农学,一般Soil Chemistry and Physics 土壤化学与物理Soil Sciences, Other 土壤科学,其他Natural Resources/Conservation, General 自然资源/保护,一般Environmental Studies 环境研究Environmental Science 环境科学Natural Resources Conservation and Research, Other 自然资源保护与研究,其他Water, Wetlands, and Marine Resources Management 水、湿地与海洋资源管理Forest Sciences and Biology 森林科学与生物学Wood Science and Wood Products/Pulp and Paper Technology 木材科学和木制品/纸浆和造纸技术Wildlife, Fish and Wildlands Science and Management 野生动物、鱼类和荒地科学与管理Architectural and Building Sciences/Technology 建筑与建筑科学/技术Digital Communication and Media/Multimedia 数字通信与媒体/多媒体Animation, Interactive Technology, Video Graphics and Special Effects 动画,交互技术,视频图形特效Computer and Information Sciences, General 计算机与信息科学,一般Artificial Intelligence 人工智能Information Technology 信息技术Computer and Information Sciences, Other 计算机与信息科学,其他Computer Programming/Programmer, General 计算机编程/程序员,一般Computer Programming, Specific Applications 计算机程序设计,具体应用Computer Programming, Vendor/Product Certification 计算机编程,供应商/产品认证Computer Programming, Other 计算机编程,其他Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician 数据处理和数据处理技术/技术员Information Science/Studies 信息科学/研究Computer Systems Analysis/Analyst 计算机系统分析/分析Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design 网页,数字/多媒体和信息资源设计Data Modeling/Warehousing and Database Administration 数据建模/仓库和数据库管理Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation 建模,虚拟环境与仿真Computer Software and Media Applications, Other 计算机软件和媒体应用程序,其他Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications 计算机系统网络和电信Network and System Administration/Administrator 网络和系统管理/管理员System, Networking, and LAN/WAN Management/Manager 系统,网络和局域网/广域网的管理/管理Computer and Information Systems Security/Information Assurance 计算机和信息系统的安全/信息保证Web/Multimedia Management and Webmaster 网络/多媒体管理和网络管理员Information Technology Project Management 信息技术项目管理Computer Support Specialist 计算机支持专家Computer/Information Technology Services Administration and Management, Other 计算机/信息技术服务管理与管理,其他Educational/Instructional Technology 教育/教学技术Educational Evaluation and Research 教育评价与研究Educational Statistics and Research Methods 教育统计与研究方法Engineering Technology, General 工程技术,一般Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician 建筑工程技术/技术员Civil Engineering Technology/Technician 土木工程技术/技术员Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering Technology/Technician 电气、电子和通信工程技术/技术员Laser and Optical Technology/Technician 激光和光学技术/技术员Telecommunications Technology/Technician 电信技术/技术员Integrated Circuit Design 集成电路设计Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians, Other 电气和电子工程技术/技术人员,其他Biomedical Technology/Technician 生物医学技术/技术员Electromechanical Technology/Electromechanical Engineering Technology 机电技术/机电工程技术Instrumentation Technology/Technician 仪表技术/技术员Robotics Technology/Technician 机器人技术/技术员Automation Engineer Technology/Technician 自动化工程师/技术员Electromechanical and Instrumentation and Maintenance Technologies/Technicians, Other机电和仪器仪表和维修技术/技术人员,其他Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Technology/Technician 加热、通风、空调和制冷工程技术/技术员Energy Management and Systems Technology/Technician 能源管理与系统技术/技术员Solar Energy Technology/Technician 太阳能技术/技术员Water Quality and Wastewater Treatment Management and Recycling Technology/Technician 水质和废水处理管理和回收技术/技术员Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology 环境工程技术/环境技术Hazardous Materials Management and Waste Technology/Technician 危险品管理及废弃物处理/技术员Environmental Control Technologies/Technicians, Other 环境控制技术/技术人员,其他Plastics and Polymer Engineering Technology/Technician 塑料和聚合物工程技术/技术员Metallurgical Technology/Technician 冶金技术/技术员Industrial Technology/Technician 工业技术/技术员Manufacturing Engineering Technology/Technician 制造工程技术/技术员Welding Engineering Technology/Technician 焊接工程技术/技术员Chemical Engineering Technology/Technician 化学工程技术/技术员Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology 半导体制造技术Industrial Production Technologies/Technicians, Other 工业生产技术/技术人员,其他Occupational Safety and Health Technology/Technician 职业安全与健康技术/技术员Quality Control Technology/Technician 质量控制技术/技术员Industrial Safety Technology/Technician 工业安全技术/技术员Hazardous Materials Information Systems Technology/Technician 危险品信息系统技术/技术员Quality Control and Safety Technologies/Technicians, Other 质量控制和安全技术/技术人员,其他Aeronautical/Aerospace Engineering Technology/Technician 航空/航天工程技术/技术员Automotive Engineering Technology/Technician 汽车工程技术/技术员Mechanical Engineering/Mechanical Technology/Technician 机械工程/机械技术/技术员Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/Technicians, Other 机械工程相关技术/技术人员,其他Mining Technology/Technician 采矿技术/技术员Petroleum Technology/Technician 石油技术/技术员Mining and Petroleum Technologies/Technicians, Other 采矿和石油技术/技术人员,其他Construction Engineering Technology/Technician 建筑工程技术/技术员Surveying Technology/Surveying 测量技术/测量Hydraulics and Fluid Power Technology/Technician 液压与流体动力技术/技术员Engineering-Related Technologies, Other 工程相关技术,其他Computer Engineering Technology/Technician 计算机工程技术/技术员Computer Technology/Computer Systems Technology 计算机技术/计算机系统技术Computer Hardware Technology/Technician 计算机硬件技术/技术员Computer Software Technology/Technician 计算机软件技术/技术员Computer Engineering Technologies/Technicians, Other 计算机工程技术/技术人员,其他Drafting and Design Technology/Technician, General 起草和设计技术/技术员,一般CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/Technician CAD /电脑绘图和/或设计技术/技术员Architectural Drafting and Architectural CAD/CADD 建筑制图、建筑CAD、计算机辅助药物设计Civil Drafting and Civil Engineering CAD/CADD 民用起草和土木工程CAD设计Electrical/Electronics Drafting and Electrical/Electronics CAD/CADD 电气/电子制图及电气/电子/计算机CADMechanical Drafting and Mechanical Drafting CAD/CADD 机械制图、机械设计/设计Drafting/Design Engineering Technologies/Technicians, Other 起草/设计工程技术/技术人员,其他Nuclear Engineering Technology/Technician 核工程技术/技术员Engineering/Industrial Management 工程/工业管理Engineering-Related Fields, Other 工程相关领域,其他Engineering Technologies and Engineering-Related Fields, Other 工程技术与工程相关领域,其他Air Science/Airpower Studies 大气科学/制空权研究Air and Space Operational Art and Science 航空航天作战艺术与科学Naval Science and Operational Studies 海军科学与作战研究Intelligence, General 智能,一般Strategic Intelligence 战略智能Signal/Geospatial Intelligence 信号/地理空间智能Command & Control (C3, C4I) Systems and Operations 指挥与控制系统和操作Information Operations/Joint Information Operations 信息操作/联合信息操作Information/Psychological Warfare and Military Media Relations 信息/心理战与军事媒体关系Cyber/Electronic Operations and Warfare 网络/电子作战和战争Intelligence, Command Control and Information Operations, Other 智能,命令控制和信息操作,其他Combat Systems Engineering 战斗系统工程Directed Energy Systems 定向能量系统Engineering Acoustics 工程声学Low-Observables and Stealth Technology 低可探测与隐身技术Space Systems Operations 空间系统操作Operational Oceanography 海洋学业务Military Applied Sciences, Other 军事应用科学,其他Aerospace Ground Equipment Technology 航空航天地面设备技术Air and Space Operations Technology 航空航天作战技术Aircraft Armament Systems Technology 飞机武器系统技术Explosive Ordinance/Bomb Disposal 爆炸条例/炸弹处理Joint Command/Task Force (C3, C4I) Systems 联合指挥/任务组(C3,C4I系统)系统Military Information Systems Technology 军事信息系统技术Missile and Space Systems Technology 导弹和空间系统技术Munitions Systems/Ordinance Technology 弹药系统/条例技术Radar Communications and Systems Technology 雷达通信与系统技术Military Systems and Maintenance Technology, Other 军事系统和维修技术,其他Military Technologies and Applied Sciences, Other 军事技术与应用科学,其他Biological and Physical Sciences 生物与物理科学Systems Science and Theory 系统科学与理论Mathematics and Computer Science 数学与计算机科学Computational Science 计算科学Human Computer Interaction 人机交互Sustainability Studies 可持续性研究Science Technologies/Technicians, General科学技术/技术人员,一般Biology Technician/Biotechnology Laboratory Technician 生物技术/生物技术实验室技术员Industrial Radiologic Technology/Technician 工业技术/技术员Nuclear/Nuclear Power Technology/Technician 核/核电技术/技术员Nuclear and Industrial Radiologic Technologies/Technicians, Other 核工业技术/技术员,其他Chemical Technology/Technician 化学技术/技术员Chemical Process Technology 化工工艺技术Physical Science Technologies/Technicians, Other 物理科学技术/技术人员,其他Science Technologies/Technicians, Other 科学技术/技术人员,其他Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics 认知心理学和心理语言学Comparative Psychology 比较心理学Developmental and Child Psychology 发展与儿童心理学Experimental Psychology 实验心理学Personality Psychology 人格心理学Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology 生理心理学/心理学Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology 心理学研究方法Research and Experimental Psychology, Other 研究与实验心理学,其他Forensic Science and Technology 法医科学和技术Cyber/Computer Forensics and Counterterrorism 网络/计算机取证和反恐Econometrics and Quantitative Economics 计量经济学和数量经济学Geographic Information Science and Cartography 地理信息科学与制图Aeronautics/Aviation/Aerospace Science and Technology, General 航空/航空/航天科学和技术,一般Cytotechnology/Cytotechnologist 细胞工程/技术员Clinical Laboratory Science/Medical Technology/Technologist 临床实验室科学/医疗技术/技师Pharmaceutics and Drug Design 药剂学和药物设计Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 药物与药物化学Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy 天然药物化学、生药学Clinical and Industrial Drug Development 临床与工业药物开发Pharmacoeconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics 药物经济学、药物经济学Industrial and Physical Pharmacy and Cosmetic Sciences 工业和物理制药和化妆品科学Pharmaceutical Sciences 制药科学Environmental Health 环境卫生Health/Medical Physics 健康/医学物理学Veterinary Physiology 兽医生理学Veterinary Microbiology and Immunobiology 兽医微生物学与免疫学Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology兽医病理学与病理生理学Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology 兽医毒理学与药理学Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health 兽医预防医学、流行病学和公共卫生Veterinary Infectious Diseases 兽医传染病Medical Informatics 医学信息学Management Science and Quantitative Methods, Other 管理科学与定量方法,其他还在纠结选校选专业?
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