Summarize spoken text (SST) 作为听力的第一部分,不仅占分很大,而且在PTE考试中还是算真题遇到概率比较高大的题型,那么如何做这类题呢?下面跟着Gary来看一下如何解决吧。
01
题型
SST是听力考察的一个重点部分。考生将听到一段录音,并且在听完之后总结成50-70字的短文。答题时间为十分钟,根据内容(content),形式(form),语法(grammar),词汇(vocabulary)以及拼写(spelling)进行评分,一题10分。
大家可以看到这一题的内容分只有2分,10分当中的2分,所以这题更多考察的是同学们对写作语言的掌握,因为语法+词汇+拼写一共是6分,考察的重点在语法+词汇+拼写上,而并非内容。
02
方法
首先,知道文章的主题topic是什么,主要会出现在文章的开头,需要认真听,这决定了文章的走向和基调。
第二,层次很重要,听出文章的逻辑关系,知道文章的基本框架。在听的过程中,一些逻辑关系的词特别注意:比如,but, however, what I mean is…在这些词或者短语之后出现的内容,一般是重要的线索。
第三,也是最重要的一点,就是学会做笔记,有很多同学抱怨说这个题目难度大,听不懂。但是绝大多数情况下并不是听不懂,而是不会记笔记,很多同学笔记记了一大堆,但是却一问三不知。这便是典型的为了笔记而记笔记,如果想要避免这个问题,可以用一些中文辅助你做笔记,在理解的基础上记下一些短语和单词,你会发现即使你的笔记很少,也能写出很好的summary。
第四,这题和SWT不同,默写原句永远比自己要写要强,如果能听到有概括性的原句,默写下来就行。
03
笔记和检查
运用自己熟悉掌握的笔记符号,记下关键内容。
字数范围要注意,做完以留1-2分钟检查语法,拼写等等。
现在我们一起来做一道常见的真题:
A Female Novelist
(女性小说家成长经历)
I have been writing NON-fiction for years, and secretly wanting to be a novelist.
When I first started writing at the age of 30, it was with the intention of writing fiction, but I took a littledetour for 10 or 12 years, and write non-fiction which I absolutely have no regret about at all. I think it's exactly the right thing for me to do. But there's this dream tucked away inside of me to do this. Now I remembering reading something that wrote, who is a great novelist from Mississippi who had a big influence on me actually. She said, "No art ever came out of not risking your neck." And I think she's absolutely right. It felt that way to me at the time; it actually feels that way every time I sit down to write something. Finally, in the early 90s, I took my deep breath, and started writing fiction. It felt risky to me at the time to do that. And one of the very first things I wrote was, what I thought was going to be the first chapter of a novel, called "The Secret Life of Bees". I wrote it in 1992, and it is actually essentially the first chapter of the novel as it is now.
首先,开头是最重要的部分,因为往往会涵盖接下来要讲的东西,就像大家在做presentation之前会介绍“Today I am going to talk about…”一样的道理,如果你没有这样一句话,接下来你说的东西会变的无厘头。
这篇文章的主题就是在开头:作者从事non-fiction很多年,但是一直想做一位小说家。读懂第一句,我们也知道大概文章就是在讲述作者如何成为小说家的经历。
第二段,一开头topic sentence说了她30岁开始写作,本来是想写小说的。这时候出现了but, 那么紧接着后面转折部分就是重点,说的就是她绕了一些弯路,但从不后悔。
紧接着,逻辑顺序是如何开始写作的,作者被一个伟大的小说家所激励,开始踏上自己的写作之路。
最后,在 finally之后,她终于在1951年开始写作,她写的第一个章节是:“the secret life of bees". SST的结尾往往也比较重要,结尾往往包括总结,对未来的展望和趋势,所以如果可能,可以把文章的最后一句话记下来并默写下来。
参考答案:
A novelist started writing from 30 years old and her initial intention was to write fiction novels.However she took some detour but she never regretted because she believed it was the right thing to do. A great novelist, who encourages people to venture, inspired her to take some risk. Finally, she literally started writing from 1951, and the first chapter she wrote was “the secret life of bees".
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