中国人的英语以Chinglish或Chenglish闻名于世。中国人最大的英语发音问题就是没有连读,但这都不是最主要的语言问题。
老外们时常议论,很多中国人在说英语时听起来没有礼貌;并不是这些中国人本身没礼貌,而是他们还没有习惯英语的礼貌表达方式。
比如,中国人在餐厅或咖啡厅,会说:“我想要一个汉堡包”或者“我想要一杯咖啡”。但是,如果直接把这些话翻译成英语“I want to have a hamburger.”或“I want to have a coffee.”
老外们会觉得这样说话很没有礼貌,当然他们也不会直接告诉你。而在西方国家,老外们一般会说:“Could I have a hamburger, please?”或“Can I have a coffee, please?”
再 比如,中国人在拒绝别人邀请的午宴或晚宴时,会说:“抱歉,我不能去,我还有别的安排。”翻译成英文就是“Sorry,I can’t. I have another appointment.”
如果这样说,那别人第二次也许不会再邀请你了。老外们一般会这样说:“That is a good idea! I would like to join in but I have another appointment today.”
我们可以从中总结一些“有礼貌”的技巧:
西方人(主要指有一定修养的欧美人)在与他人交流时,比较多地使用情态动词:can、could、may、might、would等等;情态动词 (Model Verbs)又称为情态助动词(Model Auxil-iaries),表示说话人的语气,可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等,使得说话的语气比较有礼貌。
比较多地使用虚拟语气,比如would (had) rather、would (had) sooner、would (just) as soon等等,或者在陈述句中使用过去式表示虚拟语气,或者使用if等引导的从句表示“可能性”。这样说话可以使人感觉表达者是在考虑达到最佳的结果或方 式,尽量避免不好的结果或方式,或者推测可能出现的问题,并找出可能解决的办法。
往往在句尾加please,而不是在句首加please。当please用在句首的时候,语气听起来就比较强,听起来像命令。比如请求别人做某事的时候, 我们中国人会说“请在周一前给我回复。谢谢。”
但是如果你直接用英语说“Please reply to me by Monday. Thank you.”听者会觉得你是在命令他,一点礼貌也没有。而如果这样说:“Could you please reply to me by Monday? Thank you.”就显得有礼貌了。
在陈述句的表达可能显得生硬、没礼貌时,尽量使用疑问句、否定句或从句,尽量避免自己的主观判断或武断,以积极的、建议的、比较的、人性的语气,代替消极的、命令的、直接的、武断的语气。
说话要以他人为中心,以肯定他人、赞同他人为前提,让自己显得谦卑、渺小。说完之后,还要附带一句“Thank you”或“Thanks”。其实,这种礼貌的表达方式是来自古老的中国。这是东西方文化的共同点,也是为人处世的基本原则。了解英语中礼貌的表达方式, 尽量让自己的英语表达更有礼貌,融入社会。
说到这里我们索性再八一八英国人那些弱爆了的思维吧:
你应该注意英国人说话的“弦外之音”。当英国人夸你“很不错”时,当英国人“顺便说一句”时,当英国人说“基本同意”时,他们想表达的实际含义可能不是你理解的那个样子,千万不要误会他们意思闹出笑话。
When the British say "I hear what you say. " They mean "I disagree and do not want to discuss it further." But what others understand is "He accepts my point of view."
当英国人说“我听到你所说的了”时,他们的意思是“我不同意也不想就其做进一步讨论”,而其他人却理解成了“他接受了我的观点”。
When the British say "With the greatest respect... " They mean "I think you are an idiot." But what others understand is "He is listening to me."
当英国人说“出于最大的尊重…”时,他们的意思是“我觉得你太二了”,而其他人却理解成了“他正听我说话呢”。
When the British say "That"s not bad. " They mean "That"s good." But what others understand is "That"s poor."
当英国人说“不算太糟”时,他们的意思是“太好了”,而其他人却理解成了“太差了”。
When the British say "That is a very brave proposal. " They mean "You are insane." But what others understand is "He thinks I have courage."
当英国人说“那真是一个非常有勇气的提议”时,他们的意思是“你真是疯了”,而其他人却理解成了“他觉得我很有胆识”。
When the British say "Quite good. " They mean "A bit disappointing." But what others understand is "Quite good."
当英国人说“很不错哦”时,他们的意思是“有点小失望”,而其他人却理解成了“真心不错”。
When the British say "I would suggest... " They mean "Do it or be prepared to justify yourself." But what others understand is "Think about the idea, but do what you like."
当英国人说“我想建议的是……”时,他们的意思是“去实践或者做好准备证明你自己”,而其他人却理解成了“考虑一下他的点子,但还是做我想做的”。
When the British say "Oh, incidentally / by the way... " They mean "The primary purpose of our discussion is..." But what others understand is "That is not very important."
当英国人说“顺便说一句……”时,他们的意思是“我们讨论的最根本目的是……”,而其他人却理解成了“接下来的话不是非常重要”。
When the British say "I was a bit disappointed that... " They mean "I am annoyed that..." But what others understand is "It doesn"t really matter."
当英国人说“我对……有点小失望”时,他们的意思是“我对……很恼火”,而其他人却理解成了“无伤大雅”。
When the British say "Very interesting. " They mean "That is clearly nonsense." But what others understand is "They are impressed."
当英国人说“非常有意思啊”时,他们的意思是“那明显是瞎扯淡”,而其他人却理解成了“那真是让人印象深刻”。
When the British say "I"ll bear it in mind. " They mean "I"ve forgotten it already." But what others understand is "They will probably do it."
当英国人说“我刻在脑子里了”时,他们的意思是“我已经不记得了”,而其他人却理解成了“他们大概会去做的吧”。
When the British say "I"m sure it"s my fault. " They mean "It"s your fault." But what others understand is "Why do they think it was their fault?"
当英国人说“我确定是我错了”时,他们的意思是“那其实是你的错”,而其他人却理解成了“为什么他们会觉得是他们的错呢?”
When the British say "You must come for dinner. " They mean "It"s not an invitation, I"m just being polite." But what others understand is "I will get an invitation soon."
当英国人说“你一定要来赴宴”时,他们的意思是“那绝不是什么邀请,我只不过想礼貌一些”,而其他人却理解成了“马上我就会收到一个邀请了”。
When the British say "I almost agree. " They mean "I don"t agree at all." But what others understand is "He"s not far from agreement."
当英国人说“我基本同意”时,他们的意思是“我一点儿都不同意”,而其他人却理解成了“他真的是非常非常同意啊”。
When the British say "I only have a few minor comments. " They mean "Please re-write completely." But what others understand is "He has found a few typos."
当英国人说“我只是有一点儿建议”时,他们的意思是“请从头到尾地重写一份吧”,而其他人却理解成了“他只不过发现了一些言语错误”。
When the British say "Could we consider some other options?" They mean "I don"t like your idea." But what others understand is "They have not yet decided."
当英国人说“我们可以再考虑一些其他的选择吗?”时,他们的意思是“我着实不喜欢你的点子”,而其他人却理解成了“他们还没有决定下来吧”。
如何把英语说得更得体更礼貌?
英语客套话了解一下
英国人向来以含蓄著称,这个特点也体现在他们的日常表达上。他们有些日常用语表达的意思很微妙,有时连其他英语国家人士都无法完全理解,更不要说我们这些英语学习者了。
你听得懂英语中的客套话吗?还有哪些常见的英语口语表达会被你误会呢?一起来看看吧!
1
That's interesting
当一个英国人跟你说“That's interesting.”你也不知道他到底是说真的“有意思”还是“很傻逼”,或者是“很奇怪”,总之你不能完全按照字面上的意思去理解。
Example:
Check this out. It's interesting.
看看这个视频,很有意思。
A: Oh I made a mistake ….
B: That's interesting.
这里的“That's interesting.”可能是表示“很奇怪”,也可能是表示“你是个傻逼”。
It's interesting that we found its color would change over tim.
很奇怪,我们发现颜色会随着时间改变。
2
That's a good question
以前和外教聊天时,经常会听到歪教说: "That's a good question!"刚开始认为外教在夸我:"嗯,你提的问题很好。”每次听到这句话都沾沾自喜,我提的问题真的太有水平了。时间久后才明白,"That's a good question!"能表达好多种意思!
Example:
1. 当受到别人责备时,"That's a good question!"表示: 哎呦,你这个问题好,我准备好充分的理由来回答你。
A: Well,if your partner is so worked up, why isn't he here?
A: 既然你的搭档那么热衷,他为什么没在?
B:That's a very good question. It's because he starts things and he doesn't finish them, so then I heve to.
B: 你这问题问的真好,那是因为他习惯了做事有始无终,所以我就要替他收场。
2. 当遇到难缠的麻烦事,"That's a good question!"表示: 这是一个好问题,确实也很棘手。但是我是如此的机智而且考虑周到,问题已经被我解决了。
A: Is it gonna fit through the door?
A:能搬进来吗?
B:Well, that's a good question. I got a team of guys coming tomorrow.
B: 呃,这是个好问题,我叫了一帮家伙明天过来。
3. 当别人问了你一个难以立即回答的问题时,"That's a good question!"也还可以表示:哎呦,你这个问题问得好。可是这到底是什么鬼?我怎么知道?
A:Who among us understands what to do about Pakistan?
A:我们中有谁知道该为巴基斯坦做些什么?
B:Well, a good question.
B:这是个好问题。
4. "That's a good question!"还有一种意思:我要开始怼你了,你小心点。一般后面会回答: "Ask Yourself."
A:Why don't the players decorate our lockers?
A:为什么不是球员来装饰我们的储物柜?
B:That's a very good question you should asked yourself before become a cheerleader.
B:你应该在当上拉拉队员前问自己这个问题。
3
I'll think about it
如果你觉得对方说“I'll think about it”是指“我要考虑一下”,那你可能永远等不到结果。在英文里I'll think about it 是完全没希望的,就等于no...
Example:
1. 当你向别人提议I guess we can try this way. 他回答I'll think about it. 其实就是委婉告诉你,这个方法欠妥,我不想试。
2. 如果别人给你推销东西,如果你不想买,你说“I'll think about it.” 他就知趣了知道你不想要。
注意:
英语里如果真的要表达“我要考虑一下”怎么说呢?也是“I'll think about it.”这句话,只是说完之后还得说点别的,比如你为什么要考虑。如果只是单纯地说I'll think about it 那就等于no.
4
It would be nice if you could
"It would be nice if you could" 这个句型在商务英文信函中经常使用到。如果别人想要你做一件什么事情,说“It would be nice if you could…”看上去好像轻描淡写,不强求,实际上心里想要得不要不要的。
Example:
It would be nice if you could provide a bit more information on the user’s behavior。
您若是能够就用户行为方面提供更多的信息就太感激了!
5
It seems that…
当别人煞有介事地跟你说“It seems that”时,明明他已经掌握了实锤,却还是要故作高深地说seem。
Example:
It seems that there is a mistake.其实就等于I'm sure you made a mistake.(我确定就是你犯了错。)
本文经精彩英语演讲公号授权转载
精彩英语演讲 ── 最值得关注的英语演讲类公众号!每天一个英语演讲视频,让你感受一场场智慧盛宴!
推荐阅读