2018年9月17日
华盛顿DC – 作为美国就中国窃取美国知识财产和强制转让美国技术的持续回应的一部分，美国贸易代表（USTR）今天公布了一份价值约2000亿美元的中国进口产品清单，清单上的产品将被征收额外的关税。根据特朗普总统的指示，这些额外的关税将从2018年9月24日开始生效，最初的税率将为10％。从2019年1月1日开始，额外关税的水平将提高至25％。
这份清单包含了原始6,031个关税细目里的5,745个全部或部分细目，这些原始细目已列于2018年7月10日公布的拟议中国进口清单中。在USTR和部门间301条款委员会为期六周的意见征询和回收之后，并根据八月为期六天的公开听证会上的证词，拟议清单做出了更改。USTR采用了彻底的程序，严谨地审查意见和证词，作为结果，决定从原拟议清单中全部或部分删除297项关税细目。从拟议清单中删除的产品包括某些消费电子产品，如智能手表和蓝牙设备；用于制成品、纺织品和农业的某些化学添加成分；某些健康和安全产品，如自行车头盔，以及儿童安全用品，如汽车座椅和游戏围栏。
2018年3月，USTR公布了其详尽的301条款调查结果，该调查发现中国在技术转让、知识财产和创新方面的相关行为、政策和做法不合理且具有歧视性，并加重了美国商业的负担或限制了美国商业。具体而言，301条款调查显示：
中国用合资企业要求、外国投资限制以及行政审查和许可程序来要求或迫使美国公司进行技术转让。
中国剥夺了美国公司在许可和其他技术相关谈判中设定市场条款的能力。
中国指导和不公平地促进对美国公司和资产的系统化投资和收购，以产生大规模的技术转让。
中国进行并支持网络入侵美国商业计算机网络，以获得对有商业价值的商业信息的未授权的访问。
在单独的通知和意见程序后，USTR于6月和8月公布了两份中国进口产品清单，年贸易总额约为500亿美元，其目标是消除中国的有害行为、政策和做法。不幸的是，中国一直不愿意改变其涉及不公平收购美国技术和知识产权的政策。取而代之的是，中国通过采取进一步措施伤害美国工人和企业来回应美国的关税行动。在这种情况下，总统指示USTR扩大额外关税所涵盖的贸易，以消除中国的不公平政策。本政府将继续鼓励中国与美国能够进行公平贸易。
关于2000亿美元关税行动的正式通知将很快在联邦公报中公布。
阅读更多：美国总统就针对大约2000亿美元中国进口商品征收额外关税的声明
USTR Finalizes Tariffs on $200 Billion of Chinese Imports in Response to China’s Unfair Trade Practices
September 17, 2018
Washington, DC – As part of the United States’ continuing response to China’s theft of American intellectual property and forced transfer of American technology, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) today released a list of approximately $200 billion worth of Chinese imports that will be subject to additional tariffs. In accordance with the direction of President Trump, the additional tariffs will be effective starting September 24, 2018, and initially will be in the amount of 10 percent. Starting January 1, 2019, the level of the additional tariffs will increase to 25 percent.
The list contains 5,745 full or partial lines of the original 6,031 tariff lines that were on a proposed list of Chinese imports announced on July 10, 2018. Changes to the proposed list were made after USTR and the interagency Section 301 Committee sought and received comments over a six-week period and testimony during a six-day public hearing in August. USTR engaged in a thorough process to rigorously examine the comments and testimony and, as a result, determined to fully or partially remove 297 tariff lines from the original proposed list. Included among the products removed from the proposed list are certain consumer electronics products such as smart watches and Bluetooth devices; certain chemical inputs for manufactured goods, textiles and agriculture; certain health and safety products such as bicycle helmets, and child safety furniture such as car seats and playpens.
In March 2018, USTR released the findings of its exhaustive Section 301 investigation that found China’s acts, policies and practices related to technology transfer, intellectual property and innovation are unreasonable and discriminatory and burden or restrict U.S. commerce.
Specifically, the Section 301 investigation revealed:
China uses joint venture requirements, foreign investment restrictions, and administrative review and licensing processes to require or pressure technology transfer from U.S. companies.
China deprives U.S. companies of the ability to set market-based terms in licensing and other technology-related negotiations.
China directs and unfairly facilitates the systematic investment in, and acquisition of, U.S. companies and assets to generate large-scale technology transfer.
China conducts and supports cyber intrusions into U.S. commercial computer networks to gain unauthorized access to commercially valuable business information.
After separate notice and comment proceedings, in June and August USTR released two lists of Chinese imports, with a combined annual trade value of approximately $50 billion, with the goal of obtaining the elimination of China’s harmful acts, policies and practices. Unfortunately, China has been unwilling to change its policies involving the unfair acquisition of U.S. technology and intellectual property. Instead, China responded to the United States’ tariff action by taking further steps to harm U.S. workers and businesses. In these circumstances, the President has directed the U.S. Trade Representative to increase the level of trade covered by the additional duties in order to obtain elimination of China’s unfair policies. The Administration will continue to encourage China to allow for fair trade with the United States.
A formal notice of the $200 billion tariff action will be published shortly in the Federal Register.
Read more： Statement from the President
