1.the act of punishing 处罚
2.a payment required for not fulfilling a contract 罚金
fine / amercement
death penalty 死刑
Cambridge IELTS 9，Page 167
High tax penalties could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol.
参考译文：
剑桥雅思 9，第163页
对富含脂肪的食品、烟草以及酒精饮料应当采取高额税收处罚。
Withdrawing the money early will result in a 10% penalty.
（from Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English）
参考译文：
提前支取这笔钱将被处以10%的罚金。
（摘自《朗文当代高级词典》）
