荷兰的劳动力中有50%不全职工作（part-time)。有26%的男人和76%的女人每周工作少于35个小时。

这个现象的社会历史原因包括：

Ø 富庶的社会，所以不需要夫妻双方都工作；

Ø 历史的原因，二战后荷兰女人才开始走出家庭，比英美的妇女晚；

Ø 基督教思想，一直到1980年代，母亲的主要任务是照顾孩子。小孩子放学回家要吃到妈妈做的点心；

Ø 在今天的荷兰，Part time 工作的工资高，地位高，还有大量选择。

以前看过一篇文章专门讨论荷兰女人的幸福感指数很高的原因。原因就是她们的工作时间短，她们平均一周工作4天或3天半，有工作，可以照顾孩子，还有时间从事自己的兴趣爱好。就像法国少见胖女人，荷兰女人很少抑郁。诶，幸福就是这么容易！

更有趣的是，荷兰人还越来越高了！在过去200年间，荷兰人足足长高了20厘米，从地球上最矮的人群，一跃成为最高的。你知道原因吗？

（给你3秒钟想。）

。

理由比我们想的简单，“taller men tend to have more children than their shorter counterparts”。高个男人的孩子多！这是London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine的科学家研究了30年的人口数据后得出的结论。女人觉得高个子男人更性感, 更愿意跟他们生孩子。矮个子男人的基因就这样慢慢出局了！

最后，有朋友问，风车国是移民国家吗？

回答： 20%的荷兰人口为移民及移民的孩子或父母。官方语言为荷兰语和Frisian。

资料来源：

1http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2015/05/economist-explains-12?fsrc=scn/tw/wl/ee/st/ed/whysomanydutchpeopleworkparttime

2http://www.theguardian.com/money/2013/feb/22/four-day-week-less-is-more

3 http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/netherlands-tallest-people-earth-getting-taller-due-natural-selection-1495275

4http://focus-migration.hwwi.de/The-Netherlands.2644.0.html?L=1

相关网络资料：

Holland is world-leading exporter ofagri-food products

荷兰：世界第二大农产品出口国

内容摘译：

荷兰是仅次于美国的世界第二大农产品出口国。荷兰与美国、法国是世界上蔬菜水果生产和出口国家。

荷兰温和的气候、平整肥沃的土壤，以及欧洲中心适宜的地理位置都有利于农产业发展。从欧洲出口的蔬菜中，荷兰出品其中的1/4。荷兰农业产业多样化，其包括畜牧业和种植业，如耕种、奶业、种草、植树、养猪。

2012年荷兰农业出口总额达754亿欧元。

荷兰农食品产业为荷兰GDP贡献了525亿欧元，占出口总额的约20%。
在世界土豆出口中，荷兰贡献了22%。

数十年来，荷兰农业面对竞争者保持着领军位置，这就在于不断投资更新农业产业链。荷兰在农食产业的私人研发投资率为欧洲第二。农产业是荷兰经济的支柱之一。也面临环境挑战。

近数十年来，农场变大，产业密集。因此化肥、粪肥对地貌植物等影响越来越大。荷兰政府认为，农业必须坚持可持续性发展道路，尊重风貌和环境是健康和安全食品之源。

原文：

The Netherlands is the world’s second largest exporterof agricultural products, after the USA.Together with the USA and France,the Netherlands isone of the world's three leading producers of vegetables andfruit. It suppliesa quarter of the vegetables that are exported from Europe.Theagri-business is one of the driving forces behind the Dutch economy.

At thesametime, it poses challenges to the environment. In recent decades, farmsbecamelarger in scale and production became more intensive. As a result,fertilizersand manure made more impact on the countryside. Farming had tobecomemore sustainable, the Dutch government said. Today, the Dutch agricultural sectoris strongly focused on sustainability: it is a source of healthy, safe foodthat is produced with respect for the landscape and the environment.

The Dutch agricultural sector is diverse; it covers a widerange of livestock and plant-cultivation sectors that include, for example,arable and dairy farming, cultivation under glass, tree-growing and pigfarming.

Key aspects and strengths

· The Dutchagricultural sector benefits from Holland's mild climate, flat and fertile soiland favourable geographical location at the heart of Europe.

· Expertise,infrastructure, the food processing industry, commerce and logistics are all onan extremely high level in the Netherlands.

· Fordecades, Dutch agriculture has succeeded in maintaining its lead overinternational competitors by continually investing in the renewal ofagricultural production chains.

· Farmers andgrowers are full partners in the agricultural production chain. Their primarytask is toproducefood, flowers and plants with an optimum price/quality radio usinginnovative,socially responsible and sustainable methods.

· Despitetight profitmargins,agricultural businesses have invested substantially in environmentalprotectionand implemented improvements in animal welfare

Facts & figures

· Holland isthe world’s 2nd largest exporter of agricultural products, after the USA.Togetherwiththe USA and France, Holland is one of the top 3exporters of vegetables andfruit.

· The totalvalue of Dutchagricultural exports was 75.4 billion euros in 2012.

· The Dutchagri-foodindustrycontributes 52.5 billion euros of added value to Dutch GDP, andaccountingfor some 20% of Holland's total export value.

· TheNetherlands isresponsible for 22% of the world’s potato exports.

· TheNetherlands hasthe second highest private R&D investment rate (as % ofGDP) in agri-food Europe.

· Four of theworld’s top 25food and beverage companies are Dutch and 12 have a majorproduction site orR&D facilities in the Netherlands.

· Two Dutchuniversities arein the European top 10 with regard to the number ofpublications on agri-foodsubjects.

· The FoodValley region, centred at Wageningen University and Research Center,is oneof the most authoritative agri-food and nutrition research centres in Europe.

· NIZO foodresearch owns the largest food testing pilot plant in Europe and is open to theentire food and ingredient industry.

· Holland isa global market leader in machinery for, for example, poultry and red meat processing,bakery and cheese production.

· Dutch agriculturalentrepreneurs use efficient and sustainable production systems and processes,resulting in a productivity that is five times higher than the European average.

· There aresome 50,000farmers, or agricultural entrepreneurs, in the Netherlands, distributedover various crop and animal sectors such as arable (crop) farming, dairyfarming and pig farming.

· Theagricultural sector makes up approximately 10 percent of the Dutch economy andprovides work and income for more than 660,000 people.

· More thanhalf of the Netherlands ‘total land surface of 4.15 million hectares is used asfarmland. 56 percent if used for arable and horticultural crops, 42 percent ispermanent grassland and2 percent is used for permanent crops.

· In 2010,there were more than 10,000 hectares of greenhouses in the Netherlands. Half ofthis, 5,000 hectares, was used for growing vegetables.

· Tomatoes,peppers and cucumbers are the biggest greenhouse crops.

· The mostcommon arable crops are: potatoes (seed, starch and edible), winter corn,summer barley, sugar beets and onions.

· Of the onehundred most competitive products produced in the Netherlands, about halfderive from the agriculture and food sector.

Source: Statistics Netherlands (CBS), Dutch Federation of AgriculturalandHorticultural Organisations (LTO), Wageningen University and ResearchCentre(2012).

原文地址：http://www.hollandtrade.com/sector-information/agriculture-and-food/?bstnum=4909