雅思君在学生时期，就被小乔同学干净邪邪的笑所迷惑。
从此掉进小乔的坑了，跑不出来了。
直到得知小乔身患抑郁症。
也许你已经发现，近年来关于抑郁症的新闻越来越多了。
世界卫生组织预计，到2020年抑郁症将跃至全球第二大疾病，自杀是其最可怕的症状。
下图是抑郁症患者和非抑郁症患者的脑部活动的对比。
抑郁症有哪些症状？
抑郁症的症状既有精神和情绪上的，也有生理上的：
➀ Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness 感到无助和无望
A bleak outlook—nothing will ever get better and there’s nothing you can do to improve your situation.
前景一片惨淡，对一切都很绝望而且什么都无法改善你的情况。
➁ Loss of interest in daily activities 对生活失去兴趣
You don’t care anymore about former hobbies, pastimes, social activities, or sex. You’ve lost your ability to feel joy and pleasure.
你不再关心过去的爱好，消遣，社交或是性。彻底失去了对快乐和愉悦的感知。
➂ Anger or irritability 易怒
Feeling agitated, restless, or even violent. Your tolerance level is low, your temper short, and everything and everyone gets on your nerves.
感到焦虑、躁动不安，甚至有暴力倾向。你的忍耐力下降，控制不住你的脾气，任何人任何事都会让你烦躁。
➃ Loss of energy 乏力
Feeling fatigued, sluggish, and physically drained. Your whole body may feel heavy, and even small tasks are exhausting or take longer to complete.
感觉疲劳、呆滞，而且身体无力。你感觉整个身体很重，甚至一点小活都会让你感到精疲力尽或需要很长时间才能完成。
➄ Self-loathing 自我厌恶
Strong feelings of worthlessness or guilt. You harshly criticize yourself for perceived faults and mistakes.
强烈的无用感或负罪感。你会很严厉地谴责自己的错误和失败。
➅ Reckless behavior 不顾后果的行为
You engage in escapist behavior such as substance abuse, compulsive gambling, reckless driving, or dangerous sports.
你会做一些过激的事情来逃避现实，比如滥用药物、强迫性赌博、鲁莽驾驶或者危险运动。
➆ Concentration problems 专注力降低
Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things.
很难集中注意力、做决定或者记住事情。
➇ Unexplained aches and pains 莫名的疼痛
An increase in physical complaints such as headaches, back pain, aching muscles, and stomach pain.
越来越多的身体不适，比如头痛、背痛、肌肉痛和胃痛。
⑨ Thoughts of suicide, suicide attempts 有自杀的念头或试图自杀
A depressed person may have frequent thoughts of death and suicide although they may or may not have an actual plan for carrying it out.
抑郁症患者可能经常想到死亡和自杀，他们或许有，也或许没有具体的自杀计划。
如何帮助抑郁症患者？
在面对一个经受抑郁折磨的人时，你自己或许也会感到很困惑、挫败、烦乱。
你也许怕增加他们的烦恼，也许因为太过迷茫而干脆选择沉默。
然而，你的帮助是很重要的。
曾与抑郁做过斗争的心理学家黛博拉·塞拉尼分享了几个很实在的建议：
➀ Be there 陪伴
"When I was struggling with my own depression, the most healing moments came when someone I loved simply sat with me while I cried, or wordlessly held my hand, or spoke warmly to me with statements like, 'You're so important to me.' 'Tell me what I can do to help you.' 'We're going to find a way to help you to feel better,'" Serani said.
塞拉尼说，"当我挣扎在抑郁中时，最治愈的时刻是我哭泣时，我爱的人坐在身边，或不说话只拉着我的手，或说一些温暖的话语，如'你真的对我很重要'、'告诉我我可以怎么帮你'、'我们会找到办法让你好起来的'。"
➁ Don't judge or criticize 不要评价或批判
Avoid saying statements such as: "You just need to see things as half full, not half empty" or "I think this is really all just in your head. If you got up out of bed and moved around, you'd see things better."
避免说这样的话："你只要看事情好的一面而不是坏的一面，"或"这都是你想出来的。你起床走走，就会感觉好些了。"
These words imply that your loved one has a choice in how they feel – and has chosen, by free will, to be depressed. Such remarks are not only insensitive, they can isolate your loved one even more.
这些话的潜台词就是，他们可以选择怎么去感受，却自觉选择了抑郁。这种话不但麻木不仁，更会使你爱的人更加孤立。
➂ Don't minimize their pain 不要轻视他们的痛苦
Statements such as "You're just too thin-skinned" or "Why do you let every little thing bother you?" invalidates what a person with depression is experiencing, and completely glosses over the fact that they're struggling with a difficult disorder – not some weakness or personality flaw.
"你只是太敏感了"或"你为什么总为各种小事烦心？"这种话等于否定了抑郁症患者经受的痛苦，且完全无视他们是在和一种很难应付的精神疾病作斗争，而不是个人性格上的软弱或缺陷。
➃ Avoid offering advice 避免提建议
It probably seems natural to share advice with your loved one. But while it may be true that the depressed person needs guidance, offering it is likely to make them feel insulted or even more inadequate and further detached.
或许给你爱的人提一些建议是很正常的事，抑郁的人确实也需要指导，但主动提建议会让他们感到被侮辱，甚至更加觉得自己毫无用处，从而继续封闭自己。
Instead ask, "What can we do to help you feel better?" This gives your love one the opportunity to ask for help.
不如换个方式，这样问，"我们怎么才能让你感觉好一点？"这就给了他们求助的机会。
➄ Be patient 耐心
Patience is a pivotal part of supporting your loved one.
耐心是支持你爱的人的关键。
