What then is the spirit of liberty①? I cannot define it; I can only tell you my own faith②.
The spirit of liberty is the spirit which is not too sure that it is right;
the spirit of liberty is the spirit which seeks to understand the minds of other men and women;
the spirit of liberty is the spirit which weighs their interest alongside its own without bias③;
the spirit of liberty remembers that not even a sparrow falls to earth unheeded④;
the spirit of liberty is the spirit of him who, near two thousand years ago, taught mankind that lesson it has never learned, but has never quite forgotten - that there may be a kingdom where the least shall be heard and considered side-by-side with the greatest.
(Excerpt from The Spirit of liberty)
----Judge Learned Hand⑤ (1944)
自由的精神是什么?我无法给它定义,只能告诉你们我自己的信念。自由的精神即是对其是否正确不很有把握的精神;自由的精神即是尽力去理解别人的见解的精神;自由的精神即是将自己的利益与别人的利益不带偏见一并考虑的精神;自由的精神铭记,即使一只麻雀坠地,也该引起注意;自由的精神,也就是基督的精神,他在将近两千年之前,教给人类从未学过、从此难忘的一课:或许有那么一个王国,那里的人们对最伟大者和最渺小者,都一视同仁。
(《自由的精神》节选)
-----勒恩德·汉德法官(1944年)
注释:
①liberty自由
②faith 信仰,信念
③bias 偏见
④unheeded 被忽视的,未被注意的
⑤Judge Learned Hand 勒恩德·汉德法官(1872-1961) 是美国最有影响力的法官之一。尽管未曾担任最高法院大法官,但他被公认为是美国最高法院三位大法官约翰·马歇尔、小奥利弗·温德尔·霍姆斯、本杰明·内森·卡多佐之外的最有影响力的法官。
汉德的作品被人们奉为“法律文学”。1944年,他在中央公园《自由的精神》的演讲,呼吁人们要宽容,在听众中引起了强烈的共鸣。