由于今天参加考试的童鞋较少，回忆非常有限，敬请谅解。场景： 学生讨论场景，探究不同专业的人合作实验的优势场景： 飞机场选址choose a new site of A or B for airport参考答案：
31-40 Sentence Completion: ONE WORD ONLY31. internal/domestic (国内) major flights are for: business32. International flights are mainly for: vacation33. Exported electronic goods34. revenue: Large tax contribution35. convenient liking to highwayAdvantage and disadvantage of airport sites A and B:SiteA
Advantages：the terrene/land is 36 flat
Disadvantage：Including 37 birds
high risk of 38 flooding
SiteB
Disadvantage：Increased 39 traffic pressure
Pollution:poor 40 air quality
解析：vacation这个词比较容易和vocation混淆，烤鸭们要注意区分；highway是一个单词，不要拆开，犹豫的时候注意一下字数限制；严格遵守所听即所得，flooding不要忘记ing。由于今天参加考试的童鞋较少，回忆仅限于第二篇有关于双胞胎的研究。Twin Study: Two of a kindA THE scientific study of twins goes back to the late 19th century, when Francis Galton, an early geneticist, realised that they came in two varieties: identical twins born from one egg and non-identical twins that had come from two. That insight turned out to be key, although it was not until 1924 that it was used to formulate what is known as the twin rule of pathology，and twin studies really got going.B The twin rule of pathology states that any heritable disease will be more concordant (that is, more likely to be jointly present or absent) in identical twins than in non-identical twins-- and, in turn, will be more concordant in non-identical twins than in non-siblings. Early work, for example, showed that the statistical correlation of skin-mole counts between identical twins was 0.4, while non-identical twins had a correlation of only 0.2. (A score of 1.0 implies perfect correlation, while a score of zero implies no correlation.) This result suggests that moles arc heritable, but it also implies that there is an environmental component to the development of moles, otherwise the correlation in identical twins would be close to 1.0.C Twin research has shown that whether or not someone lakes up smoking is determined mainly by environmental factors, but once he does so, how much he smokes is largely down to his genes. And while a person's religion is dearly a cultural attribute, there is a strong genetic component to religious fundamentalism. Twin studies are also unraveling the heritability of various aspects of human personality. Traits from neuroticism and anxiety to thrill- and novelty- seeking all have large genetic components. Parenting matters, but it does not determine personality in the way that some had thought.D More importantly, perhaps, twin studies are helping the understanding of diseases such as cancer，asthma，osteoporosis, arthritis and immune disorders. And twins can be used，within ethical limits, for medical experiments. A study that administered vitamin C to one twin and a placebo to the other found that it had no effect on the common cold. The lesson from all today's twin studies is that most human traits are at least partially influenced by genes. However, for the most part, the age-old dichotomy between nature and nurture is not very useful. Many genetic programs are open to input from the environment，and genes arc frequently switched on or off by environmental signals. It is also possible that genes themselves influence their environment. Some humans have an innate preference for participation in sports. Others are drawn to novelty. Might people also be drawn to certain kinds of friends and types of experience? In this way, a person’s genes might shape the environment they act in as much as the environment shapes the actions of the genes.E In the past, such research has been controversial. Josef Mengele，a Nazi doctor working at the Auschwitz extermination camp during the second world war，was fascinated by twins. He sought them out among arrivals at the camp and preserved them from the gas-chambers for a series of brutal experiments. After the war, Cyril Burt, a British psychologist who worked on the heredity of intelligence, tainted twin research with results that appear, in retrospect, to have been rather too good. Some of his data on identical twins who had been reared apart were probably faked. In any case, the prevailing ideology in the social sciences after the war was Marxist，and disliked suggestions that differences in human potential might have underlying genetic causes. Twin studies were thus viewed with suspicion.F The ideological pendulum has swung back; however, as the human genome project and its aftermath have turned genes from abstract concepts to real pieces of DNA. The role of genes in sensitive areas such as intelligence is acknowledged by all but a few die-hards. The interesting questions now concern how nature and nurture interact to produce particular bits of biology, rather than which of the two is more important. Twin studies, which arc a good way to ask these questions, arc back in fashion, and many twins are enthusiastic participants in this research.G Research at the Twinsburg festival began in a small way，with a single stand in 1979. Gradually, news spread, and more scientists began turning up. This year, half a dozen groups of researchers were lodged in a specially pitched research tent. In one corner of this tent，Paul Breslin, who works at the Monell Institute in Philadelphia, watched over several tables where twins sat sipping clear liquids from cups and making notes. It was the team's third year at Twinsburg. Dr Breslin and his colleagues want to find out how genes influence human perception， particularly the senses of smell and taste and those (warmth，cold，pain，tingle, itch and so on) that result from stimulation of the skin. Perception is an example of something that is probably influcnccd by both genes and experience. Even before birth, people are exposed to flavours such as chocolate, garlic, mint and vanilla that pass intact into the bloodstream, and thus to the fetus. Though it is not yet dear whether such pre-natal exposure shapes taste-perception, there is evidence that it shapes preferences for foods encountered later in life.H However, there are clearly genetic influences at work, as well—for example in the ability to taste quinine. Some people experience this as intensely bitter, even when it is present at very low levels. Others, whose genetic endowment is different, are less bothered by it. Twin studies make this extremely clear. Within a pair of identical twins，either both，or neither, will find quinine hard to swallow. Non-identical twins will agree less frequently.I On the other side of the tent Dennis Drayna，from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, in Maryland, was studying hearing. He wants to know what happens to sounds after they reach the car. It is not dear, he says, whether sound is processed into sensation mostly in the ear or in the brain. Dr Drayna has already been involved in a twin study which revealed that the perception of musical pitch is highly heritable. At Twinsburg，he is playing different words, or parts of words, into the left and right ears of his twinned volunteers. The composite of the two sounds that an individual reports hearing depends on how he processes this diverse information and that, Dr Drayna believes，may well be influenced by genetics.J Elsewhere in the marquee, Peter Miraldi，of Kent State University in Ohio，was trying to find out whether genes affect an individual’s motivation to communicate with others. A number of twin studies have shown that personality and sociability are heritable, so he thinks this is fertile ground. And next to Mr. Miraldi was a team of dermatologists from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland. They are looking at the development of skin diseases and male-pattern baldness. The goal of the latter piece of research is to find the genes responsible for making men's hair fall out.K The busiest part of the tent, however, was the queue for forensic-science research into fingerprints. The origins of this study are shrouded in mystery. For many months, the festival’s organisers have been convinced that the Secret Service-- the American government agency responsible for, among other things，the safety of the president-- is behind it. When The Economist contacted the Secret Service for more information, we were referred to Steve Nash, who is chairman of the International Association for Identification (IAI)，and is also a detective in the scientific investigations section of the Marin County Sheriffs Office in California. The IAI, based in Minnesota, is an organisation of forensic scientists from around the world. Among other things, it publishes the Journal of Forensic Identification.A类小作文分析：今天的图表作文是动态图中的柱状图，两组对比对象(男女性/不同年龄段)。 因此在写作的过程中不仅要注意趋势的描写，还要注意不同年龄段以及男女性之间的对比。同时也要注意不同年龄组的替换表达方式。具体写法可以结合剑5的test2 以及剑6的test 4 关于柱状图的写作。In some countries, there has been an increase in the number of parents who educate their children themselves at home instead of sending them to school. Do you think the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages.分析：2月13日的考题属于教育类，最近教育类话题一直是重点，希望同学们也要重点关注。就此题而言，正反方观点的确认难度稍微增加了些，但是只要考生仔细审题，把握基本原则，一般情况下是不会跑题的。我们把“instead of sending them to school”这个部分暂时去掉，会发现题目的双方分别是：1. It is good for parents to educate their children at home;2. It is bad for parents to educate their children at home.Domestic learning seems to be an increasing popularity these days, and a number of educationalists have different opinions over whether it is of benefits or drawbacks for parents to choose home learning. Personally, based on distinct circumstances, this trend proves to be a double-edged knife.On the one hand, there are many advantages of learning at home and high learning efficiency is one of them. Parents are more active to manage to satisfy an individualistic learning pattern of their children, for example, by observing the academic performance, learning habits and attitudes towards different subjects. However, this cannot be achieved in large-scaled class teaching. To be more specific, common students at school have limited choices to learn what they are enthusiastic about in comparison to those who are allowed to have home study, they are given the advantage to develop various potentials in study such as talent in arts or in science. Less pressure is considered to be another ameliorative point in this respect. For those who are vulnerable inside, learning subjects at home are thought to be a good way to avoid peer pressure. While at educational institutions, learning motivation is likely to be inhibited by self-consciousness, thus hindering knowledge acquisition.On the other hand, there are also some disadvantages that cannot be ignored. Firstly, apart from theoretical knowledge, other developments including those regarding social skills and physical growth are the big worries. Since adolescents are exposed to a comparatively closed learning environment, it is of little chance for team work and PE programs. There is also teaching quality to be considered as well, parents who have not been trained professionally usually could not provide systematic teaching outlook and learning difficulties cannot be addressed strategically in most cases, this may lead to a demotivation of young learners.To conclude, every coin has two sides, and this is the same case with domestic learning. What adults need to remember is to find appropriate solutions to combat the problems identified above. (329 words)1月换题之后，目前的口语题库已经非常稳定，请同学们扎实准备。以下为本场高频题:1. a house or an apartment you want to live in3. a new skill you would like to learn4. an indoor game that you liked to play when you were a child5. a person who does a job that is important to society.Describe a person who does a job that is important to society.Well, I am excited to talk about someone who I saw on TV, who works in underprivileged areas in America. The program I saw told the story of a young American teacher, whose name escaped me right now. He had recently graduated and was sent to teach in an extremely poor area in Brooklyn. He primarily taught the students science, but was also called upon to help break up fights or talk to the students when they had problems. As a teacher, the man obviously had to be knowledgeable, organized and dedicated. But owing to the testing conditions, he also had to be particularly patient and disciplined, whilst maintaining a good rapport with the students. In the beginning this was very hard as they didn’t respect or trust him, but eventually he earned their trust and managed to get through to them. In my opinion, teaching is essential to society no matter where you are based, but teaching in such a difficult environment is even more admirable and important as the students are in even greater need. For a lot of them, education is the only way to drag them-selves out of poverty and escape a life of crime or hardship. Even if they are not always successful and may feel like they are banging their head against a brick wall sometimes, it is important for these teachers to continue trying.
